This publication provides practical guidance and information to Member States on how to manage nuclear safety knowledge at the national level, beyond the boundaries of individual organizations. It describes the underlying concepts, challenges and available approaches and tools, as well as summarizing the experience gained by Member States to date. The publication is in line with the ultimate ob…
This publication is a revision of an earlier Safety Guide of the same title issued in 1994. It recommends revised waste management strategies that reflect changes in practices and approaches since then. It sets out a classification system for the management of waste prior to disposal and for disposal, driven by long term safety considerations. It includes a number of schemes for classifying rad…
The development and implementation of an appropriate infrastructure to support the successful introduction of nuclear power and its safe, secure, peaceful and sustainable application is an issue of central concern, especially for countries that are considering and planning their first nuclear power plant. In preparing the necessary nuclear infrastructure, there are several activities that need …
The marine environment, as a global sink of persistent chemical mixtures, needs to be regularly monitored to assess the status of pollution and its impact on different marine compartments. Policy makers need access to reliable, accurate and comparable analytical data to enable sound management of the marine environment. Among the goals of the IAEA Marine Environmental Laboratories is to assi…
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami damaged the Madras Atomic Power Station in India and led to a new understanding of the importance of flooding hazards caused by tsunamis at nuclear power plant sites. The Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami in 2011, which heavily damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, re-emphasized the importance of tsunami hazard assessments. Recognizing…
The response of a nuclear installation’s structure during an earthquake depends on the characteristics of the ground motion, the surrounding soil and the structure itself. Soil– structure interaction (SSI) analysis is used to evaluate the effects of seismic ground motion on an installation’s structure, system and components, to ensure it is designed to withstand the effects of earthquakes…
The global nuclear safety and security framework (GNSSF) provides a conceptual structure and guidelines for achieving and maintaining a high level of safety and security at nuclear facilities and in nuclear related activities around the world. Technical and scientific support organizations (TSOs) play an essential role in sustaining the GNSSF by providing assistance to regulatory bodies in esta…
Models are essential tools in evaluating radiological impacts within the safety assessment process and regulatory control of facilities as well as of activities in planned exposure situations, existing exposure situations and emergency exposure situations. Modelling the transfer of radionuclides in the environment and assessing the resulting radiation exposure of people and the environment is n…
This Safety Guide provides recommendations on how to comply with IAEA safety requirements on leadership and management for safety in the area of radioactive waste management. It presents updated guidance on developing and implementing management systems for safety during all steps of radioactive waste management. Emphasis is placed upon effective leadership and culture for safety. The publicati…
The IAEA’s Statute authorizes it to “establish…standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property”. These are standards that the IAEA must apply to its own operations, and that States can apply through their national regulations. Radioactivity is a natural phenomenon and natural sources of radiation are features of the environment. Radiation…