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Summary Review on the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Nuclear Power Plant Design: IAEA Nuclear Energy Series NR-T-1.20
The IAEA’s statutory role is to “seek to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world”. Among other functions, the IAEA is authorized to “foster the exchange of scientific and technical information on peaceful uses of atomic energy”. One way this is achieved is through a range of technical publications including the IAEA Nuclear Energy Series.
The IAEA Nuclear Energy Series comprises publications designed to further the use of nuclear technologies in support of sustainable development, to advance nuclear science and technology, catalyse innovation and build capacity to support the existing and expanded use of nuclear power and nuclear science applications. The publications include information covering all policy, technological and management aspects of the definition and implementation of activities involving the peaceful use of nuclear technology.
The IAEA safety standards establish fundamental principles, requirements and recommendations to ensure nuclear safety and serve as a global reference for protecting people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation.
When IAEA Nuclear Energy Series publications address safety, it is ensured that the IAEA safety standards are referred to as the current boundary conditions for the application of nuclear technology.
This publication presents the results of the coordinated research project (CRP) entitled Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics Codes for the Design of Advanced Water Cooled Reactors, which addresses the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computer codes to the process of optimizing the design of water cooled nuclear power plants and their components. Building on past initiatives in which CFD codes have been applied to a wide range of situations in nuclear reactor technology, the 15 CRP participants from 11 Member States aimed to develop a systematic framework for the consistent application of CFD codes and to establish a common understanding of the capabilities of CFD codes and their level of qualification.
The results of this CRP are expected to be of interest to a broad range of Member States, including those currently operating or embarking on nuclear power programme. As of March 2022, there were 441 nuclear power plants in operation around the world, with a further 51 under construction, bringing the total operating experience to slightly over 19 000 reactor years. Advanced nuclear power plants that increasingly use CFD codes in their design are being offered by various vendors.
This publication presents examples of CFD applications in nuclear power plants component and system design from Member States participating in the CRP. The publication focuses on CFD aided modelling in technology development and design, and thus complements existing publications that concentrate largely on the use of CFD codes for nuclear safety analyses. Issues and interests common to both efforts, lessons learned and application guidelines derived from validation against relevant scaled experiments are also described to aid in the correct and practicable application of these tools.
The IAEA expresses its appreciation for the contributions of several Member States. It is particularly grateful to the participants of the CRP for their contributions to the publication. The IAEA officer responsible for this publication was M. Krause of the Division of Nuclear Power.