This report deals with radon and thoron and their decay products in workplaces other than mines. It is intended for use in the application of radiation protection principles in those workplaces where employers may not have an extensive background in radiation protection. It provides practical information on action levels for workplaces, on monitoring techniques and on actions aimed at reducing …
Report No. 77 considers and evaluates potential exposures from the radionuclides of the uranium series with emphasis on radon and its daughters. The Report examines, on the basis of available information, the sources of radon, the levels of exposure and their probable distribution, and estimates the risks attributable to these exposures. The Report concludes that while information on levels and…
A serious radiological accident occured in Samut Prakarn, Thailand, in late January and early February 2000 when a disused 60Co teletherapy head was partially dismantled, taken from an unsecured storage location and sold as scrap metal. Individuals who took the housing apart and later transported the device to a junkyard were exposed to radiation from the source. At the junkyard the device was …
The naturally occurring radionuclide radon (222Rn), together with its radioactive progeny, has been widely used to study atmospheric processes and to test and validate comprehensive global chemical transport models. Being a noble gas, radon is not removed from the atmosphere by dry or wet deposition processes, nor does it become attached to aerosols, and so it is a good tracer for air mass move…
This Safety Report draws on the requirements of international standards and the recommendations of international organizations as well as on the scientific literature, together with direct experience from a number of IAEA Member States in relation to carrying out representative indoor radon surveys. The need for and the purpose of representative indoor radon surveys are discussed, as are the fa…
This book consist : Introduction; Basic physics of ultrasound; Medical ultrasound fields; Physical mechanisms for biological effects of ultrasound; Exposure of human to ultrasound; Effects of ultrasound on animal subjects; The effects of ultrasound on plants; In vitro experiments; Summary: Clinical safety; and Recommendations. (Jml)
On 24 July 1996 a serious accident occured at the Gilan combined cycle fossil fuel power plant in the Islamic Republic of Iran, when a worker who was moving thermal insulation materials around the plant noticed a shiny, pencil sized metal object lying in a trench and put it in his pocket. He was unaware that the metal object was an unshielded 185 GBq 192Ir source used for industrial radiography…
The purpose of this Report is to review the current status of the application of radionuclide transport models from the point of discharge to the environment to the point of intake by man. This process, called radiological assessment, begins by defining the quantity of radionuclides that are released and enter the environment. Uncertainties in the measurements or estimates of the source term ar…
Since the discovery of X-rays and radioactivity, ionizing radiations have been widely applied in medicine both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The risks associated with radiation exposure and handling led to the parallel development of the field of radiation protection. Pioneering experiments done by Sanche and co-workers in 2000 showed that low-energy secondary electrons, which are a…
The human race is in a dilemma; it is threatened by economic instability on one hand and climate change on the other. Either of these could lead to widespread unrest and political turmoil, if the right choices are not made now. In particular, prosperity without carbon emission implies a comprehensive switch in our sources of energy. With luck, the activity generated by the process of switching …